I am seeing an issue with geoserver 2.28.1, where small data sets will load via WFS (see parameters below) but large data sets time out (without error). Any ideas on why this would be happening? Or ideas on how to fix this issue?
GeoServer does not store information, instead it requests the data from where it is located (disk, database, cloud…).
Can I ask where the content for you layer is stored? If it is something like a csv file performance will be terrible, as such a file is not spatially indexed. Performance from a dedicated spatial technology such as PostGIS, GeoPackage or Shapefile should be good.
It looks like you are downloading a small 50 feature sample data, so the data size being downloaded should not be a problem; instead you need to look at why it is taking your data storage so long to answer GeoServer (indeed so long GeoServer times out before reporting a result).